It can be said that the ios class is basically responsible for providing all the input and output facilities to all the other classes in the stream class of C++. It is also considered as a base class for istream, stream, and streambuf class.
Ios class is the highest class in the entire hierarchical structure of the C++ stream. This program is used to demonstrate the iostream class which comprises functions like write to print the input stream with the required number of values as input as shown in the output. As the name suggests it provides functionality to tackle the objects, strings, and chars which includes inbuild functions of put, puts, get, etc. Iostream class is the next hierarchy for the ios class which is essential for input stream as well as output stream because istream class and ostream class gets inherited into the main base class. This program demonstrates the ostream class as part of the ios class where the first initialized char defined is scanned and then it gets the scanned character and the ostream function takes care to write or put the value to the function. This class as part of the ios class is also considered as a base class that is responsible for handling output stream and provides all the necessary functions for handling chars, strings, and objects such as put, write, etc. The other classes which include functions for the operations include assignment operation like _withassign classes. Both the istream class and ostream class constitute the ios class which is the highest level of the entire hierarchy of C++ stream classes. The iosclass in the hierarchy is the parent class which is considered as a class from where both the istream and ostream class gets inherited. The hierarchy is maintained in a way where it gets started from the top class which is the ios class followed by all the other classes involving istream class, ostream class, iostream class, istream_withassign class, and ostream_withassign class. There is a number of stream classes in the hierarchy which is defining and giving different flows for the varied objects in the class. Class ios is indirectly inherited from the base class involving iostream class using istream class and ostream class which is declared virtually. Classes associated with the C++ stream include ios class, istream class, and ostream class. All the classes and structures maintaining the file and folders with hierarchies are defined within the file with iostream.h standard library.
There are a number of C++ stream classes eligible and defined which is related to the files and streams for providing input-output operations. Stream in C++ means a stream of characters that gets transferred between the program thread and input or output.
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